Belgian providers of cryptocurrency exchanges must register with the regulator if they plan to start operations after May 1.
Those already operating have until June to notify the regulator under a law passed in February that also applies to custodial cryptocurrency wallet providers.
The move is taken to comply with a European Union law known as the Fifth Anti-Money Laundering Directive, designed to ensure that wallet providers report suspicious activity.
Failure to do so could result in a year in prison or a fine of 10,000 euros ($10,500).